Indirect Command noun clauses
have three features:
An indirect command is the second-hand telling of a direct command. For example, "Soldiers, bring me my horse!" is a direct command that would be expressed with an imperative in Latin. An indirect version of this would be, "Caesar ordered that the soldiers bring him his horse." The indirect version would be expressed with ut + the subjunctive. The indirect command then acts as the direct object of the verb of ordering (i.e. as a syntactic equivalent for the word "order"). Here are some examples (with the indirect command clause underlined): ut medio limite curras moneo, "I advise that you run a middle course." Here, the ut clause acts as the direct object of the verb "moneo" frequenter hortatus es ut epistuals colligerem, "frequently you have urged that I collect my letters." The tense of the subjunctive used in an indirect command clause is determined only by the tense of the verb in the main clause (as in the case of purpose clauses). The following table summarizes the tense of the subjunctive in purpose clauses:
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Last Updated March 18, 2003 Questions, comments and corrections should be sent to Brian K. Harvey, Kent State University |
