Chemistry of Carbohydrates

1  Chemistry of Carbohydrates

Outline

2  Sugars

Carbohydrate

Examples:

Structural Feature

3  Glucose

glucose.gif

Glucose is a monosaccharide

4  Disaccharide

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Sucrose contains two different monosaccharide rings.

5  Sucrose

sucrose.gif

Sucrose is a disaccharide

6  Cellulose

cellulose.gif

Cellulose is a polysaccharide - made from glucose

7  Starch

starch.gif

Starch is a polysaccharide - made from glucose

8  Glucose in Nature

Glucose is a common carbohydrate

9  Fuel Value

The following are ``standard'' values for different classes of foods. Note that a Nutritional calorie is equal to 1000 ``scientific'' calories.

Fuel ContentAverage Supply
Carbohydrates ~ 4 Cal/gram ~ 1 day
Fats ~ 9 Cal/gram ~ 3 months
Proteins ~ 4 Cal/gram?

10  Combustion

C6H12O6  +  6 O2   ®    6 CO2  +  6 H2O


6 O2 / 6 carbons = 1 O2 per C atom


CH3(CH2)16COOH  +  26 O2   ®    18 CO2  +  18 H2O


26 O2 / 18 carbons @ 1.4 O2 per C atom


11  Nutrasweet


aspartame.jpg

D. Eric Walters (Chicago Medical School) site



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On 9 Apr 2003, 16:10.