House, Juliane. 1997. Translation Quality Assessment: A Model Revisited. Tübingen: Gunter Narr Verlag.

Nord, Christiane. 1997. Translating as a Purposeful Activity. Functionalist Approaches Explained. Manchester: St. Jerome.

Reiss, Katharina. 2000. Translation Criticism, the Potentials and Limitations: Categories and Criteria for Translation Quality Assessment. Trans. Erroll F. Rhodes. Manchester, U.K.: St. Jerome Pub.

Williams, Malcolm. 2004. Translation Quality Assessment: An Argumentation-Centred approach. Ottawa: University of Ottawa Press.

Readings for Class

Angelelli, Claudia V. 2009. "Using a rubric to assess translation ability: Defining the construct." Testing and Assessment in Translation and Interpreting Studies: A Call for Dialogue between Research and Practice. Ed. Claudia V. Angelelli and Holly E. Jacobson. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: Benjamins. 13-47.

Colina, Sonia. 2003. Translation Teaching, from Research to the Classroom: A Handbook for Teachers. Boston: McGraw-Hill.

House, Juliane. 2001. "How do we Know when a Translation is Good?" Exploring Translation and Multilingual Text Production : Beyond Content. Ed. Erich Steiner and Colin Yallop. Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter. 127-160.

Additional articles from the ATA Chronicle and other sources.

American Translators Association Certification

For additional information and addresses of other national associations, visit Fédération Internationale des Traducteurs - International Federation of Translators

General TQA Bibliography (last update: 1/25/2010)

Note: This is an evolving "work in progress" that will be updated frequently with new references and better information. It should not be considered anything but rough information at this point. Errors and incomplete data will occur. For more information, check the Translation Studies Bibliography.

Adab, Beverly. 2000. "Evaluating Translation Competence." Developing Translation Competence. Ed. Christina Schäffner and Beverly Adab. Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins. 215-228.

Al-Qinai, Jamal. 2000. "Translation Quality Assessment. Strategies, Parametres and Procedures." Meta 45.3 (September): 497-519.

Bachman, Lyle F. 2001. "Designing and Developing Useful Language Tests." Experimenting with Uncertainty: Essays in Honour of Alan Davies. Ed. Cathie Elder, et al. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 109-116.

Beeby, Allison. 2000. "Evaluating the Development of Translation Competence." Developing Translation Competence. Ed. Christina Schäffner and Beverly Adab. Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins. 185-198.

Bensoussan, Marsha, and Judith Rosenhouse. 1990. "Evaluating Students' Translations by Discourse Analysis." Babel: 65-84.

Brione, Lucie. 2007. "Review of “Translation Quality Assessment: An Argumentation-Centred Approach”." The Interpreter and Translator Trainer 1.2: 319-24.

Brislin, Richard W. 1970. "Back-Translation for Cross-Cultural Research." Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology.1: 185-216.

---. 1976. Translation: Applications and Research. New York: Gardner Press.

---. 1986. "The Wording and Translation of Research Instruments." Field Methods in Cross-Cultural Research. Ed. W. J. Loner and J. W. Berry. Newbury Park, CA: Sage. 137-164.

Brunette, Louise. 2000. "Towards a Terminology for Translation Quality Assessment." The Translator 6.2: 169-82.

Campbell, Stuart. 1999. "A Cognitive Approach to Source Text Difficulty in Translation." Target 11.1: 33-63.

Canada. Translation Bureau. Professional and Technical Training Directorate. Pleins Feux Sur La Qualité: Rapport Sur Les Tendances En 1993-1994. Hull, Quebec:.

Canada. Translation Bureau. Terminology and Linguistic Services Directorate. 1993. Contrôle De La Qualité Des Traductions. Cahier d'Information. Hull, Quebec:.

Canada. Translation Bureau. Translation Operations Branch. 1990. Strategies 1991-94. Toward 1994: The Challenge of Quality. Hull, Quebec:.

Canada. Translation Bureau. 1986. "Quality Standards." Management News 9.4.

Carroll, J. B. 1966. "An Experiment in Evaluating the Quality of Translations." Mechanical Translation 9: 55-66.

Cary, Edmond, and Rudolf Walter Jumpelt, eds. 1963. Quality in Translation. Oxford: Pergamon Press.

Catford, John Cunnison. 1965. A Linguistic Theory of Translation: An Essay in Applied Linguistics. London: Oxford University Press.

Chesterman, Andrew, ed. 1989. Readings in Translation Theory. Helsinki: Oy Finn Lectura Ab.

---. 1997. Memes of Translation: The Spread of Ideas in Translation Theory. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company.

---. 1993. "From "is" to "Ought": Laws, Norms and Strategies in Translation Studies." Target 5.1: 1-20.

Colberg, M. 1993. Direct Translation Feasibility Study. Washington, DC: GED Testing Service.

Colina, Sonia. 2002. "Second Language Acquisition, Language Teaching and Translation Studies." The Translator 8.1: 1-24.

---. 2003. Translation Teaching, from Research to the Classroom: A Handbook for Teachers. Boston: McGraw-Hill.

Council of Translators and Interpreters of Canada. 2001. CTIC Standard Certification Translation Examination: Marker's Guide - Official Languages. Ottawa:.

Dancette, Jeanne. 1989. "La Faute Du Sens En Traduction." TTR 2.2: 83-102.

De Beaugrande, Robert-Alain, and Wolfgang Ulrich Dressler. 1981. Introduction to Text Linguistics. London & New York: Longman.

DIN. , 1998. DIN 2345: Übersetzungsaufträge (Translation Contracts).

Donaher, Paul. "Evaluating Quality (1)." Quality -- Assurance, Management and Control. Proceedings of the Seventh Annual Conference of the Institute of Translation and Interpreting. Nottingham, U.K., April 28-29, 1994.

Douglas, Dan. 2000. Assessing Languages for Specific Purposes. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

---. 2001. "Three Problems in Testing Language for Specific Purposes: Authenticity, Specificity, and Inseparability." Experimenting with Uncertainty: Essays in Honour of Alan Davies. Ed. Cathie Elder, et al. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 45-52.

Doyle, Michael. 2003. "Translation Pedagogy and Assessment: Adopting the ATA’s Framework for Standard Error Marking." ATA Chronicle: 21-8.

Ekundayo, Simpson. 1975. "Methodology in Translation Criticism." Meta 20.4: 251-62.

---. 1978. "Translation and Value Judgment." Meta 23.3: 211-9.

Elder, Cathie, et al, eds. 2001. Experimenting with Uncertainty. Essays in Honour of Alan Davies. Vol. 11. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Eskola, S. 2004. "Untypical Frequencies in Translated Language: A Corpus-Based Study on a Literary Corpus of Translated and Non-Translated Finnish." Translation Universals: Do they Exist? Ed. A. Mauranen and P. Kujamäki. Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins. 83-99.

Fan, Shouyi. 1990. "A Statistical Method for Translation Quality Assessment." Target 2.1: 43-67.

"FOGG Index.".

Fraser, Janet. 2000. "The Broader View: How Freelance Translators Define Translation Competence. T2 Developing Translation Competence." Ed. Christina Schäffner and Beverly Adab. Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins. 51-62.

Friederich, W. 1963. "Zwei Grundbegriffe Zur Bestimmung Der Übersetzungsqualität." Quality in Translation. Ed. Edmond Cary and Rudolf Walter Jumpelt. Oxford: Pergamon Press. 349-350.

Gold, D. L. 1972. "On Quality in Translation, Part I." Babel 18.1: 10-12.

---. 1972. "On Quality in Translation, Part II." Babel 18.4: 29-30.

Gordon, John. "A Quality Standard for Translations." Quality -- Assurance, Management and Control. Proceedings of the Seventh Annual Conference of the Institute of Translation and Interpreting. Nottingham, U.K., April 28-29, 1994.

Gouadec, Daniel. 1989. "Comprendre, Évaluer, Prévenir: Pratique, Enseignement Et Recherche Face à l'Erreur Et à La Faute En Traduction." TTR 2.2: 35-54.

---. 1981. "Paramètres d'Évaluation Des Traductions." Meta 26.2: 99-115.

Graham, J. D. "Evaluating Quality (2)." Quality -- Assurance, Management and Control. Proceedings of the Seventh Annual Conference of the Institute of Translation and Interpreting. Nottingham, U.K., April 28-29, 1994.

Halliday, M. A. K. 2001. "Towards a Theory of Good Translation." Exploring Translation and Multilingual Text Production : Beyond Content. Ed. Erich Steiner and Colin Yallop. Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter. 13-18.

Harper, Mark, Ken O'Connor, and Marilyn Simpson. "Quality Assessment: Fitting the Pieces Together." .

Hatim, Basil, and Ian Mason. 1990. Discourse and the Translator. London/New York: Longman.

---. 1997. The Translator as Communicator. London/New York: Routledge.

Hermans, Theo. "Translation Norms and Correct Translations." Translation Studies: The State of the Art. Proceedings of the First James S. Holmes Symposium on Translation Studies.

Holmes, J. 1972/1988. "The Name and Nature of Translation Studies." Translated! Papers on Literary Translation and Translation Studies. Amsterdam: Rodopi. 67-80.

Hönig, Hans. 1998. "Positions, Power and Practice: Functionalist Approaches and Translation Quality Assessment." Translation and Norms. Ed. Christina Schäffner. Toronto: Multilingual Matters. 6-34.

House, Juliane. 2001. "How do we Know when a Translation is Good?" Exploring Translation and Multilingual Text Production : Beyond Content. Ed. Erich Steiner and Colin Yallop. Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter. 127-160.

---. 1976. A Model for Translation Quality Assessment. Tübingen: Gunter Narr Verlag.

---. 1997. Translation Quality Assessment: A Model Revisited. Gunter Narr Verlag: Tübingen.

Interagency Language Roundtable. "ILR Language Skill Level Descriptions." 2004.

Jakobsen, Arnt Lykke. 1998. "Logging Time Delay in Translation." LSP Texts and the Process of Translation. Ed. Gyde Hansen. Copenhagen: Copenhagen Business School. 73-101.

Kade, O. 1964. "Qualitätsstufen Der Übersetzung." Fremdsprachen 4: 250-60.

Kim, Ryonhee. 2004. "Process-Oriented Pedagogical Translation Evaluation." FORUM - International Journal of Interpretation and Translation 2.1: 47-70.

Kingscott, Geoffrey. 1996. "Providing Quality and Value." The Translator's Handbook. Ed. Rachel Owens. 3rd ed. ed. London: Aslib. 137-146.

Koby, Geoffrey S., and Brian James Baer. 2005. "From Professional Certification to the Translator Training Classroom: Adapting the ATA Error Marking Scale." Translation Watch Quarterly 1.1: 33-45.

Koller, Werner. 1995. "The Concept of Equivalence and the Object of Translation Studies." Target 7.2: 191-222.

Kujamäki, P. 2004. "What Happens to 'Unique Items' in Learners' Translations? 'Theories' and 'Concepts' as a Challenge for Novices' Views of 'Good Translation'." Translation Universals: Do they Exist? Ed. A. Mauranen and P. Kujamäki. Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins. 187-204.

Larose, Robert. 1998. "Méthodologie De l'Évaluation Des Traductions." Meta 43.2: 163-86.

Lewis, Philip E. 1985. "The Measure of Translation Effects." Difference in Translation. Ed. Joseph F. Graham. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. 31-62.

Maier, Carol, ed. 2000. Evaluation and Translation. Special Issue. Vol. 6.

Martinez Melis, Nicole, and Amparo Hurtado. 2001. "Assessment in Translation Studies: Research Needs." Meta 46.2: 272-87.

Massion, François. "Automating Translation Quality Management." Multilingual January/February 2010: 41-3.

McAlester, Gerard. 2000. "The Evaluation of Translation into a Foreign Language." Developing Translation Competence. Ed. Christina Schäffner and Beverly Adab. Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins. 229-242.

McKay, R. B., et al. 1996. "Translating Survey Questionnaires: Lessons Learned." Advances in Survey Research 70: 93-104.

Miller, G. A., and J. A. Beebe-Center. 1968. "Some Psychological Methods for Evaluating the Quality of Translations." Mechanical Translation 3: 73-80.

Mossop, Brian, et al. 2005. "Back to Translation as Language." Across Languages and Cultures 6.2: 143-72.

Mossop, Brian. 2007. "Empirical Studies of Revision: What we Know and Need to Know." Jostrans - The Journal of Specialised Translation.8: 5-20.

---. 1989. "Objective Translational Error and the Cultural Norm of Translation." TTR 2.2: 55-72.

Neubert, Albrecht, and Gregory M. Shreve. 1992. Translation as Text. Kent, Ohio: Kent State University Press.

Neubert, Albrecht. 2000. "Competence in Language, in Languages, and in Translation." Developing Translation Competence. Ed. Christina Schäffner and Beverly Adab. Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins. 3-18.

---. 1997. "Postulates for a Theory of Translatio." Cognitive Processes in Translation and Interpreting. Ed. Joseph H. Danks, et al. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage Publications.

Newmark, Peter. 1988. A Textbook of Translation. Toronto: Prentice Hall.

Nida, Eugene, and Charles Taber. 1969. The Theory and Practice of Translation. Leiden: E.J. Brill.

Nord, Christiane. 1996. "El Error En La Traducción: Categoriás y Evaluación." La Enseñanza. Ed. Amparo Hurtado Albir. Castelló: Universitta Jaumé 1. 91-107.

---. "The Relationship between Text Function and Meaning." Translation and Meaning 2: Proceedings of the Lodz Session of the 1990 Maastricht-Lodz Duo Colloquium on "Translation and Meaning". 1990.

---. 2006. Text Analysis in Translation: Theory, Methodology and Didactic Application of a Model for Translation-Oriented Text Analysis. Amsterdam: Rodopi.

---. 1997. Translating as a Purposeful Activity. Functionalist Approaches Explained. Manchester: St. Jerome.

ÖNORM. ÖNORM D 1200: Translation and Interpretation Services, Translation Services. Requirements of the Service and the Provision of the Service.

---. ÖNORM D 1201: Translation and Interpretation Services, Translation Services. Translation Contracts.

Orozco, Mariana. 2000. "Building A Measuring Instrument for the Acquisition of Translation Competence in Trainee Translators." Developing Translation Competence. Ed. Christina Schäffner and Beverly Adab. Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins. 199-214.

Presas, Marisa. 2000. "Bilingual Competence and Translation Competence." Developing Translation Competence. Ed. Christina Schäffner and Beverly Adab. Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins. 19-32.

"Quality: The Struggle Over Translation Standards." 1998. Language International 10.5.

Ratcliffe, Paul. "Quality: Absolutism Or Pragmatism?" Quality -- Assurance, Management and Control. Proceedings of the Seventh Annual Conference of the Institute of Translation and Interpreting. Nottingham, U.K., April 28-29, 1994.

Reiss, Katharina. 1983. "Quality in Translation." Babel 29: 198-208.

---. 2000. Translation Criticism, the Potentials and Limitations: Categories and Criteria for Translation Quality Assessment. Trans. Erroll F. Rhodes. Manchester, U.K.: St. Jerome Pub.

Rogers, Margaret, and Gunilla Anderman. 2000. "Translator Training between Academia and Profession: A European Perspective." Developing Translation Competence. Ed. Christina Schäffner and Beverly Adab. Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins. 63-72.

Rothe-Neves, Rui. 2002. "Translation Quality Assessment for Research Purposes: An Empirical Approach." O Processo De Tradução. Ed. Fábio Alves. 113-131.

Rueda, Kathrin. "QA in Translation: A Process Approach." Multilingual January/February 2010: 38-40.

SAE. , 2001. SAE J2450:2001, Translation Quality Metric.

Sager, Juan. 1989. "Quality and Standards -- the Evaluation of Translations." The Translator's Handbook. Ed. Catriona Picken. 2nd ed. ed. London: Aslib. 91-102.

Sajavaara, K. 1992. "Designing Tests to Match the Needs of the Workplace." Language Assessment for Feedback: Testing and Other Strategies. Ed. E. Shohamy and A. R. Walton. Dubuque, IA: Kendall/Hunt. 123-144.

Samuelson-Brown, Geoffrey. 1996. "Working Procedures, Quality and Quality Assurance." The Translator's Handbook. Ed. Rachel Owens. 3rd ed. ed. London: Aslib. 103-135.

Sawyer, David, et al. 2002. "Quality Assurance Model for Remote Language Mediation." ATA Chronicle.

Schäffner, Christina. 2000. "Running before Walking? Designing a Translation Programme at Undergraduate Level." Developing Translation Competence. Ed. Christina Schäffner and Beverly Adab. Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins. 143-156.

---. 1998. Translation and Norms. Toronto: Multilingual Matters.

---. 1998. Translation and Quality. Toronto: Multilingual Matters.

Schmitt, Peter A., and Heike E. Jüngst, eds. 2007. Translationsqualität. Vol. 5. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang.

Schnitzlein, Manfred. "Zum Aussagewert Von Qualitätsnormen Und Qualitätssicherungssystemen Für Die Translationsqualität – Eine Exemplarische Analyse." Applied Linguistics and Translation/Interpreting, Universität des Saarlandes, Saarbrücken, 2003.

Sherwin, Ann C. 2003. "Professional Certification: What is it? do I Need it? how do I Get it?" ATA Chronicle: 19-22.

Silvestrini, Mirko. 2003. "Quality and Translation: An Overview on the Italian Approach." ATA Chronicle: 58-9.

Sireci, S. G. 1997. "Problems and Issues in Linking Assessments Across Languages." Educational Measurement: Issues and Practices 16.1: 12-9.

Skehan, P. 1984. "Issues in the Testing of English for Specific Purposes." Language Testing.1: 202-20.

Snell-Hornby, Mary, ed. 1986. Ubersetzungswissenschaft - Eine Neuorientierung: Zur Integrierung Von Theorie Und Praxis. Tübingen: Francke.

Stansfield, Charles W., and Joan E. Auchter. 2001. "A Process for Translating Achievement Tests." Experimenting with Uncertainty: Essays in Honour of Alan Davies. Ed. Cathie Elder, et al. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 73-80.

Stansfield, Charles W. 1996. Report to GEDTS on Translation Procedures Employed by Second Language Testing, Inc. N. Bethesda, MD: Second Language Testing, Inc.

Steiner, Erich, and Colin Yallop, eds. 2001. Exploring Translation and Multilingual Text Production : Beyond Content. Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter.

Stejskal, Jiri. 2002. "International Certification Study: Argentina." ATA Chronicle: 13,15, 17.

---. 2002. "International Certification Study: Austria." ATA Chronicle: 14-6.

---. 2002. "International Certification Study: Canada Revisited." ATA Chronicle: 10-2.

---. 2001. "International Certification Study: Certification by the South African Translators' Institute." ATA Chronicle: 11-2.

---. 2001. "International Certification Study: Certification Program in Brazil." ATA Chronicle: 11.

---. 2001. "International Certification Study: Czech Republic." ATA Chronicle: 10-1.

---. 2002. "International Certification Study: Denmark." ATA Chronicle: 17-20.

---. 2002. "International Certification Study: Finland and Sweden." ATA Chronicle: 14-5.

---. 2002. "International Certification Study: Japan." ATA Chronicle: 17-9.

---. 2003. "International Certification Study: Mexico." ATA Chronicle: 11-5.

---. 2002. "International Certification Study: Norway." ATA Chronicle: 13,15, 22.

---. 2002. "International Certification Study: OTTIAQ." ATA Chronicle: 18-9.

---. 2002. "International Certification Study: Spain and Portugal." ATA Chronicle: 20,21, 30 ff.

---. 2002. "International Certification Study: U.K. and Ireland." ATA Chronicle: 12,14, 23.

Sturz, Wolfgang. 1998. "DIN 2345 Hits the Language Industry." Language International 10.5: 18,19, 41.

Teich, Elke. 2001. "Towards a Model for the Description of Cross-Linguistic Divergence and Commonality in Translation." Exploring Translation and Multilingual Text Production : Beyond Content. Ed. Erich Steiner and Colin Yallop. Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter. 191-228.

Tubb, Monique-Paule. 2001. "Quality-an Ethical Duty." ATA Chronicle.

United Nations Industrial Development Organization. , 1993. The Translation Process. Translation/revision: Quantity Vs. Quality Standards. Geneva:.

van Leuven-Zwart, Kitty. 1990. "Shifts in Meaning in Translation: Do's and Don'Ts?" Translation and Meaning, 1. Ed. Marcel Thelen and Barbara Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk. Maastricht: Rijkshogeschool. 226-233.

Vienne, Jean. 2000. "Which Competences should we Teach to Future Translators, and how?" Developing Translation Competence. Ed. Christina Schäffner and Beverly Adab. Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins. 91-100.

Voss, Chari. 2001. "International Certification Study: Non-Degree Professional Certificate for Arabic: Good Contracts make Good Partners." ATA Chronicle.

Warner, O., and D. T. Campbell. 1970. "Translating, Working through Interpreters and the Problem of Decentering." A Handbook of Methods in Cultural Anthropology. Ed. R. N. Cohen and R. Cohen. New York: American Museum of Natural History.

Widdowson, Henry G. 2001. "Communicative Language Testing: The Art of the Possible." Experimenting with Uncertainty: Essays in Honour of Alan Davies. Ed. Cathie Elder, et al. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 12-21.

Williams, Malcolm. 1989. "Creating Credibility Out of Chaos: The Assessment of Translation Quality." TTR 2.2: 13-33.

---. 2004. Translation Quality Assessment: An Argumentation-Centred approach
. Ottawa: University of Ottawa Press.

Wilss, Wolfram. 1982. The Science of Translation: Problems and Methods. Tübingen: Gunter Narr Verlag.

Wotjak, Gerd, ed. 2006. Quo Vadis Translatologie?: Ein Halbes Jahrhundert Universitäre Ausbildung Von Dolmetschern Und Übersetzern in Leipzig. Rückschau, Zwischenbilanz Und Perspektiven Aus Der Außensicht
.Frank & Timme GmbH.

Wright, Sue Ellen. , 2004. Standards for Translation Assessment and Quality Assurance.

Yallop, Colin. 2001. "The Construction of Equivalence." Exploring Translation and Multilingual Text Production : Beyond Content. Ed. Erich Steiner and Colin Yallop. Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter. 229-248.

Zenner, E. "Der Äquivalenzbegriff in Der Übersetzungswissenschaftlichen Literatur Der Gegenwart Und Seine Relevanz Für Die Beurteilung Der Qualität Von Übersetzungen." Unpublished Diploma Thesis Saarbrücken University, 1971.

Zhong, Yong. 2006. "Assessing Translators Vs Assessing Translations: Discussions and a Case Demonstration." Translation Ireland 17.1: 151-70.

Zilahy, S. P. 1963. "Quality in Translation." Quality in Translation. Ed. Edmond Cary and Rudolf Walter Jumpelt. Oxford: Pergamon Press. 285-289.