TECH 64095

Josh Talbott

Quiz 1

Chapter 1

1.1   Fill in the blanks in each of the following:

a)      The company that popularized personal computing was Apple.

b)      The company that made personal computing legitimate in business and industry was the IBM Corporation.

c)       Computers process data under the control sets of instructions called computer programs.

d)      The six key logical units of the computer are the input unit, output unit, memory unit, arithmetic and logic unit, central processing unit, secondary storage unit.

e)      The three classes of languages discussed in the chapter are machine language, assembly languages, and high level languages.

f)       The programs that translate high-level language programs into machine language  are called compliers.

g)      Tagging, or labeling content is another key part of the collaborative theme of Web 2.0.

h)      With Internet applications, the desktop evolves to the webtop or cloud.

i)        Refactoring involves reworking code to make it clearer and easier to maintain while preserving it’s functionality.

j)        With open-source development, individuals and companies contribute their efforts in developing, maintaining and evolving software in exchange for the right to use that software for their own purposes, typically at no charge.

k)      The ARPANET was the predecessor to the internet.

l)        The information-carrying capacity of a communications medium like the Internet is called bandwidth.

m)    The acronym TCP/IP stands for Transmission control protocol/internet protocol.

1.2   Fill in the blanks for each of the following statements.

a)      The World Wide Web allows computer users to locate and view multimedia-based documents on almost any subject over the internet.

b)      Tim Berners-Lee founded an organization called the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) devoted to developing nonproprietary, interoperable technologies for the World Wide Web.

c)       Objects are reusable software components that model items in the real world.

d)      In a typical client/server relationship, the client requests that some action be performed and the server performs the action and responds.

1.3   Categorize each of the following items as either hardware or software:

a)      CPU hardware

b)      ALU hardware

c)       Input unit hardware

d)      An editor program software

1.4   Fill in the blanks in each of the following statements:

a)      Which logical unit of the computer receives information from outside the computer for use by the computer? Input unit

b)      The process of instructing the computer to solve specific problems is called programming.

c)       What type of computer language uses English-like abbreviations for machine-language instructions? Assembly language.

d)      Which logical unit of the computer sends information that has already been processed by the computer to various devices so that the information may be used outside the computer? Output unit

e)      Which logical units of the computer retain information?  Memory unit

f)       Which logical unit of the computer performs calculations? Arithmetic logic unit

g)      Which logical unit of the computer makes logical decisions? Logic unit

h)      The level of computer language most convenient for you to write programs quickly and easily is high-level language.

i)        The only language that a computer understands is called that computer’s machine language

j)        Which logical unit of the computer coordinates the activities of all the other logical units?  Central processing unit

k)      Some organizations report that the key benefit high-level language gives them is the production of software which is more understandable, better organized and easier to maintain, modify, and debug.

l)        Web 2.0 embraces an architecture of  participation a design that encourages user interaction and community contributions.

m)    Collective intelligence is the concept that a large diverse group of people will create smart ideas.

1.5   Fill in the blanks in each of the following statements (based on Section 1.15, Software Technologies):

a)      The open source database management system used in LAMP development is MySQL.

b)      A key advantage of Software as a Service (Saas) is portability.

c)       Design patterns are proven architectures for constructing flexible and maintainable object-orienting Internet-based applications.

d)      PHP is the most popular open source server-side scripting language for developing Internet-based applications.

1.6   What is the relationship between JavaScript and ECMAScript?

JavaScript and ECMAScript are essentially the same due to the involvement of the ECMA in standardizing Netscapes JavaScript language.

1.7   In this chapter we discussed a few popular Web 2.0 businesses including Myspace, Flickr, YouTube, and Wikipedia.  Identify a Web 2.0 business and describe why it fits the Web 2.0 business model.

Nearly all media website are now Web 2.0.  Digg, Reddit, and other sites connect people to interesting things that your friends have read or others find interesting.  MSNBC.com and other news sites like the Huffington Post feature blogs buy editors that people can contribute by commenting on stories.  Facebook is the single largest place for people to go and be together on the Web.  It has been called it’s own version of the internet separate from the world wide web.  All these sites are engaging people in joining the story.  It’s the new way of bringing people to advertising.  If your website these days doesn’t feature some form of user space, people won’t spend much time on it.

 

Chapter 2

2.1   Fill in the blanks in each of the following statements:

a)      The most popular web browsers are Internet Exporer and Firefox.

b)      A browser is used to view files on the Internet and Web.

c)       The location of a file on the Internet is called its URL.

d)      The element in a web page that, when clicked, causes a new web page to load is called a hyperlink; when your mouse passes over this element, the mouse pointer changes into a hand in IE7 and FF2.

e)      IE7 and FF2 keep a list of visited URLs called the history.

f)       You can save an image from a web page by right clicking the image and selecting save picture as.. in IE7 or save image as… in FF2.

g)      The feature of IE7 or FF2 that provides options for completing URLs is called Autocomplete.

h)      The feature that enables the user to save URLs of frequently visited sites is called Favorites in IE7 or Bookmarks in FF2.

2.2   State whether each of the following is true or false.  If the statement is false, explain why.

a)      Fiber optic cables have a better signal than traditional metal cables, but inferior bandwidth.   False Fiber has greater bandwidth than metal cable.

b)      It is not possible to view web pages when not connected to the internet.  False.  Webpages saved to the harddisk of a machine can be viewed in an offline mode.

c)       Search engines can be used  to help resolve programming errors.  True.

d)      The cache is an area on the hard drive that is used for saving web pages for rapid future access.  True.

e)      FTP is a popular Internet mechanism by which files are uploaded and downloaded. True.

f)       You can access any FTP site by logging in with the user name anonymous. False.  Many FTP sites are restricted to certain users.

2.3   Spell out the following acronyms, and include a brief description of each:

a)      HTTP Hypertext transport protocol

b)      FTP File transport protocol

c)       URL Uniform resource locator

d)      DSL Digital subscriber line

e)      PDF Portable document format

f)       ISP Internet service provider

2.4   Use your browser’s FTP capability to access ftp.cdrom.com and ftp.deitel.com.  Observe what happens in both cases, and, if the site can be accessed, list the directory output.

Dead links.

2.5   Go to www.ieaddons.com and browse the various extentions and plug-ins that can be installed into Internet explorer.  Choose on to install, and observe what capabilities are added as you browse the Internet.

I prefer not to litter my browsing performance with unnecessary add-ons or plugins…let alone use IEx.  Haha.

2.6   Go to addons.mozilla.org and browse the various extentions and plug-ins that can be installed into Firefox.  Choose one to install, and observe what capabilities are added as you browse the Internet.

Again, this is a very personal thing to have someone change their browser just because it may add some bell or whistle.  I’m all about performance and these things typically hinder them.  I have installed XMarks to sync my bookmarks and browser data across all my computers and browsers.  I also Use logMeIn as a plugin to enhance my remote desktop session capabilities instead of rendering them in Java which is slower.

2.7   Download and install Opera (www.opera.com) and Safari (www.apple.com/safari) web browsers.  Go to your favorite websites and try to observe any differences in speed, appearance and functionality.

Yes…there are those browsers.  Firefox is still my fav.  Chrome is coming up fast.  IE is for people who didn’t know they could download another browser.  Opera is so experimental it can be bloated or confusing.  Safari is getting better, but still has a funny bookmarking system that is graphics heavy.

 

Chapter 3

3.1 Fill in the blanks in each of the following statements:

a)      Remixing content refers to (legally) taking someone else’s  existing content and adding to it or changing it in some way.

b)      The term Web 2.0 was coined by Dale Dougherty of O’Reilly Media in 2003.

c)       Tags are user-generated labels used to categorize content.

d)      The major Ajax technologies are XHTML, CSS, JavaScript, the DOM, XML, and the XMLHttpRequest object.

e)      Rich Internet Applications, are webtop applications that have responsiveness and functionality approaching that of desktop applications.

f)       Amazon’s hardware and communications infrastructure web services are examples of web-scale computing.  They enable businesses to pay for only the processing or storage space needed during any given period.

g)      The increased value of a network as its number of users grows is referred to as network effects.

h)      Two popular RIA frameworks are Adobe’s Flex and Microsoft’s Silverlight.

3.2 State whether each of the following is true or false.  If false, explain why.

a)      Tagging is for personal organization of content only. False.  User-generated tags are used by many sites to categorize content so that it is easily searchable by other users.

b)      The user is at the center of Web 2.0.  True.

c)       Location based services always use GPS.  False.  Some can located you based on your ISP and IP address.

d)      Open source software is often called “free” because it does not cost money.  False. Open source software is free in terms of allowing access to the source code.  It may not actually be free.

e)      Google’s PageRank is determined by the number of page views a website receives.  False.  The pagerank algorithm considers the number of links into a web page and the quality of the linking sites (among other factors) to determine the importance of the page.  Google search also considers all of the content on the page, its fonts, its headers and the content of neighboring pages.

3.3 Fill in the blanks in each of the following statements:

a)      “Perpetual Beta” is an example of an agile development process.

b)      The Wiki is a design that encourages user interaction and community contributions.

c)       Ruby on Rails was developed by 37Signals’ David Heinemeier Hansson.

d)      Digital Right Management systems add software to digital media to prevent piracy.

e)      Microformats are attemps at consistent naming conventions.

f)       Wikis rely on the users to generate content.

3.4 State whether each of the following is true or false.  If false, explain why.

a)      Advertising is the most common Web 2.0 monetization model.  False. There were at least 71 business models listed in the book for Web 2.0 structured sites.

b)      Collaborative filtering is used by search engines.  False. Sites like Digg or del.icio.us use collaborative filtering.

c)       XML is an executable language.  False.  XML is an extensible markup language.

d)      Most bloggers provide RSS feeds.  True.

e)      Holding people’s attention is difficult in today’s society.  False. There is more competition for people’s attention.  It is less expensive to do today, what one could do in the past for marketing.

3.5 Define each of the following terms:

a)      collective intelligence the idea that collaboration and competition among large groups results in grand and intelligent ideas.

b)      Folksonomy a classification based on tagging. Users tag content making it easier to find.

c)       Permalink a link to a specific blog post that will remain relevant even after the blog moves to a different page.

d)      Tag cloud a weighted list of content tags on a site where the more popular tags are bolder and larger.

e)      Web service a service provided across the internet where an application can make a call to use it.

f)       Monetization generating money through your website

3.6 List some of the key factors that have contributed to the growth of Web 2.0

                -Ajax

                -Tagging

                -user generated content

                -open source

                -social networks

                -XML

3.7 Discuss some of the methods you can use to increase the find ability of your website.

                You could perform some search engine optimization to your site.  Offer quality content, use effective keywords and proper metadata to ensure long term results.  You could work on link building through social media websites and work with other related sites in linking to each other.  Search engine marketing, where you pay for priority links, could also prove valuable.

3.8 In section 3.3 we discussed how many Web 2.0 sites are enabling discovery-helping you find new content you would not have otherwise sought out.  Pick three Web 2.0 sites and describe how they are enabling you to discover new content through their sites.

                 Facebook:  This site has exposed me to news topics and other things I would have never looked at unless I wouldn’t have seen my friends post it.

                Pandora:  The music genome project which is what Pandora bases their services on, has deeply broadened my music interests and horizons.  I would have never heard some of the obscure artists and songs on the radio or by any other means.  It is becoming an indispensible part of my life.

                Google: The most important web company in the world.  Today my phone is running its operating system, reading it’s news feeds, and finding content faster than anywhere else.  Google is an indispensible tool for learning just about anything in life.

3.9 Consider a picture of the Eiffel Tower.  List 10 words you might use to tag this picture on a photosharing site such as Flickr so that others searching the site will still find it.

Tower, Eiffel, France, Paris, tourism, tourist, historic, steel structure, tall, iconic